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Chapter Analysis
Intermediate20 pages • EnglishQuick Summary
Chapter 3 of Class 10 Science discusses the properties of metals and non-metals, emphasizing their physical and chemical characteristics. It explains the reactivity of metals, formation of ionic compounds, and the processes involved in the extraction of metals from their ores. Also covered are the concepts of alloys and the prevention of corrosion, highlighting the practical applications of metals and non-metals in daily life.
Key Topics
- •Physical Properties of Metals
- •Chemical Properties of Metals
- •Ionic Compounds
- •Extracting Metals
- •Reactivity Series
- •Prevention of Corrosion
- •Formation of Alloys
- •Properties of Non-metals
Learning Objectives
- ✓Understand the distinction between metals and non-metals based on physical and chemical properties.
- ✓Learn about the reactivity series and its application in predicting metal reactions.
- ✓Study the extraction processes of metals from their ores.
- ✓Explore the concept and applications of alloys.
- ✓Gain knowledge about the prevention methods of corrosion in metals.
- ✓Understand the formation and properties of ionic compounds.
Questions in Chapter
Which of the following pairs will give displacement reactions?
Answer: AgNO3 solution and copper metal.
Page 56
What are amphoteric oxides? Give two examples of amphoteric oxides.
Answer: Amphoteric oxides are oxides that can react with both acids and bases to produce salts and water. Examples include aluminium oxide (Al2O3) and zinc oxide (ZnO).
Page 56
In the electrolytic refining of a metal M, what would you take as the anode, the cathode and the electrolyte?
Page 57
Additional Practice Questions
Explain why metals are good conductors of electricity.
mediumAnswer: Metals are good conductors of electricity because they have free electrons that can move easily within the metal lattice, facilitating the flow of electric current.
What is the significance of the activity series of metals?
mediumAnswer: The activity series of metals ranks metals according to their reactivity. It is significant because it helps predict the outcomes of reactions involving metals, such as displacement reactions, and guides the extraction of metals from their ores.
Describe the process and advantages of galvanization.
mediumAnswer: Galvanization is the process of applying a protective zinc coating to steel or iron, to prevent rusting. The primary advantage is corrosion resistance, which significantly extends the lifespan of metals used in harsh environments.
Why is aqua regia used to dissolve gold and platinum?
hardAnswer: Aqua regia is used to dissolve gold and platinum because it is capable of dissolving these metals, which are otherwise resistant to individual acids. The mixture of hydrochloric acid and nitric acid in aqua regia reacts synergistically to oxidize and dissolve these noble metals.
Compare the properties of ionic and covalent compounds.
mediumAnswer: Ionic compounds are typically solid, have high melting and boiling points, and conduct electricity when molten or dissolved in water due to the movement of ions. Covalent compounds can be gases, liquids, or solids, generally have lower melting and boiling points, and do not conduct electricity since they do not have free ions or charged particles.
NCERT Exemplar
AvailablePractice with NCERT Exemplar problems and solutions for this chapter. Exemplar problems are designed to help you master the concepts with advanced-level questions.
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