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Chapter Analysis
Intermediate26 pages • EnglishQuick Summary
The chapter on Federalism in Class 11 Political Science explores the division of powers between the central and state governments in India. It highlights the strong central framework established by the Constitution while acknowledging the diverse and regional characteristics of the states. Key discussions include the division of powers, financial autonomy, and the challenges of maintaining balance between uniformity and diversity in a federal structure. The chapter underscores the importance of cooperation and negotiation to manage conflicts and demands for greater autonomy by states.
Key Topics
- •Division of powers in the Indian Constitution
- •Financial autonomy and its challenges
- •Role of governors and President’s rule
- •Centre-State and inter-State relations
- •Demands for State autonomy
- •Special provisions for certain States
- •Impact of coalition politics on federalism
- •Judicial role in federal disputes
Learning Objectives
- ✓Understand the concept of federalism and its application in India
- ✓Analyze the division of powers between the Centre and States
- ✓Evaluate the financial dynamics between different levels of government
- ✓Examine the roles of key constitutional figures in maintaining federal balance
- ✓Assess the political and cultural implications of special state provisions
- ✓Develop insights into the issues and solutions for Centre-State conflicts
Questions in Chapter
From the list of following events which ones would you identify with the functioning of federalism? Why?
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Think which of the following statements would be correct. State why.
Page 174
Imagine that you were to rewrite the provisions regarding federalism. Write an essay of not more than 300 words making your suggestions about: a. division of powers among the centre and the States, b. distribution of financial resources, c. methods of resolving inter-State disputes and d. appointment of Governors.
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Which of the following should be the basis for formation of a State? Why?
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List four features of the Indian Constitution that give greater power to the central government than the State government.
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Why are many States unhappy about the role of the Governor?
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President’s rule can be imposed in a State if the government is not being run according to the provisions of the Constitution. State whether any of the following conditions are a fit case for imposition of President’s rule in the State. Give reasons.
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What are the demands raised by States in their quest for greater autonomy?
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Should some States be governed by special provisions? Does this create resentment among other States? Does this help in forging greater unity among the regions of the country?
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Additional Practice Questions
Discuss the impact of coalition politics on Indian federalism since the 1990s.
mediumAnswer: Coalition politics have led to greater power and autonomy at the state level, as regional parties have gained influence in national coalitions. This shift has resulted in more negotiated policies, which accommodate diverse regional interests within the federal structure.
Explain the significance of financial autonomy for the states in the Indian federal system.
hardAnswer: Financial autonomy is crucial for states to effectively manage their responsibilities. States have limited revenue sources and rely on central grants, leading to tensions. Greater financial autonomy would enable more efficient governance and development tailored to local needs.
Analyze the role of the judiciary in resolving Centre-State disputes in India.
mediumAnswer: The judiciary acts as an arbitrator in legal disputes between the Centre and States, ensuring the constitutional division of powers is upheld. This role is vital in maintaining the balance within the federal structure and preventing unilateral dominance.
How do special provisions for certain states affect national integration in India?
mediumAnswer: Special provisions, while supporting regional identities, can lead to perceptions of preferential treatment and potential resentment. However, they also prevent secessionist tendencies by addressing unique regional needs, contributing to national unity.
Critically assess the statement 'Federalism is celebrated for both unity and diversity'.
easyAnswer: Federalism combines unity and diversity by allowing regional self-governance within a united nation. India's federal structure accommodates cultural and linguistic diversity while ensuring national integrity, although challenges persist in balancing these aspects.