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Chapter Analysis
Intermediate30 pages • EnglishQuick Summary
The chapter on 'Directing' in NCERT Business Studies for Class 12 focuses on the management function of directing within an organization. It emphasizes the role of supervision, motivation, leadership, and communication in guiding and influencing employees towards accomplishing organizational goals. Furthermore, it discusses various principles of directing and the significance of adapting leadership styles and communication strategies to overcome potential barriers. The chapter underscores the importance of directing in achieving stability and balance, as well as fostering a cooperative work environment.
Key Topics
- •Supervision
- •Motivation
- •Leadership
- •Communication
- •Barriers to Communication
- •Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
- •Leadership Styles
- •Financial and Non-financial Incentives
Learning Objectives
- ✓Explain the concept of directing and its importance in business organizations.
- ✓Understand the principles guiding the directing process.
- ✓Explain the meaning of supervision and its importance.
- ✓Understand and explain Maslow’s theory of hierarchy of needs and its application.
- ✓Identify various barriers to effective communications and measures to overcome them.
Questions in Chapter
What is informal communication?
Page 199
Which style of leadership does not believe in use of power unless it is absolutely essential?
Page 199
Which element in the communication process involves converting the message into words, symbols, gestures etc.?
Page 199
Discuss Maslow’s Need Hierarchy theory of motivation.
Page 200
What are the common barriers to effective communication? Suggest measures to overcome them.
Page 200
Additional Practice Questions
Explain the role of leadership in the directing function.
mediumAnswer: Leadership plays a crucial role in directing by influencing employees to achieve the organization's objectives. A leader guides the subordinates, motivates them to perform tasks, resolves conflicts, and addresses resistance to change. Leaders also ensure effective communication and build team spirit among employees, driving them towards common goals.
What is the importance of supervision in an organization?
easyAnswer: Supervision ensures that work is performed according to set targets through regular oversight and support. It acts as a bridge between management and employees, facilitates communication, and helps resolve workplace issues, thus maintaining harmony and enhancing performance.
How does motivation influence employee performance?
mediumAnswer: Motivation propels employees to put forth their best effort by fulfilling their personal needs and aligning them with organizational goals. Both financial and non-financial incentives are instrumental in motivating employees, leading to higher productivity and job satisfaction.
Identify and explain the major barriers to effective communication.
hardAnswer: Major barriers include semantic barriers, organizational barriers, cultural differences, and personal barriers. Semantic issues may arise from language differences or technical jargon. Organizational barriers are often due to hierarchical structures. Cultural differences might distort understanding, while personal barriers can include emotions and attitudes.
What are the key differences between formal and informal communication?
easyAnswer: Formal communication follows official channels and is typically documented, while informal communication, such as grapevine communication, is unofficial and occurs spontaneously. Formal communication is often structured and follows established protocols, whereas informal communication is more casual and can spread quickly, though it may be less reliable.