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Chapter Analysis
Intermediate20 pages • EnglishQuick Summary
This chapter is an exploration into psychological disorders, their classification, and the underlying factors contributing to abnormal behavior. It delves into various models such as psychodynamic, behavioral, cognitive, and socio-cultural models to explain the causes and symptoms of psychological disorders. The chapter also addresses major psychological disorders including anxiety, mood disorders, and schizophrenia, providing an understanding of their symptoms and impact on individuals.
Key Topics
- •Concepts of abnormality and psychological disorders
- •Models of abnormal behavior
- •Classification of psychological disorders
- •Major psychological disorders
- •Psychological factors and disorders
- •Socio-cultural impacts on psychological disorders
- •Neurodevelopmental disorders
Learning Objectives
- ✓Understand abnormal behavior and the criteria to identify such behaviors
- ✓Appreciate the factors causing abnormal behaviors
- ✓Explain different models of abnormal behavior
- ✓Describe major psychological disorders
- ✓Analyze the influence of socio-cultural factors on psychological disorders
- ✓Distinguish between different kinds of psychological disorders
Questions in Chapter
Identify the symptoms associated with depression and mania.
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Describe the characteristics of children with hyperactivity.
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What are the consequences of alcohol substance addiction?
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Can a distorted body image lead to eating disorders? Classify the various forms of it.
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“Physicians make diagnosis looking at a person’s physical symptoms”. How are psychological disorders diagnosed?
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Distinguish between obsessions and compulsions.
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Can a long-standing pattern of deviant behaviour be considered abnormal? Elaborate.
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While speaking in public the patient changes topics frequently, is this a positive or a negative symptom of schizophrenia? Describe the other symptoms of schizophrenia.
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What do you understand by the term ‘dissociation’? Discuss its various forms.
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What are phobias? If someone had an intense fear of snakes, could this simple phobia be a result of faulty learning? Analyse how this phobia could have developed.
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Anxiety has been called the 'butterflies in the stomach feeling'. At what stage does anxiety become a disorder? Discuss its types.
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Additional Practice Questions
Explain how psychological disorders differ from each other and the factors affecting them?
mediumAnswer: Psychological disorders differ based on symptoms, affected individuals, and the impact on behavior. Factors affecting them include genetic, environmental, cognitive, and behavioral influences that vary between disorders.
What are the primary characteristics of schizophrenia?
mediumAnswer: Primary characteristics of schizophrenia include hallucinations, delusions, disorganized thinking, and abnormal motor behaviors. These symptoms are categorized into positive, negative, and cognitive symptoms which affect personal, social, and occupational functioning.
Describe the role of neurotransmitters in psychological disorders.
hardAnswer: Neurotransmitters play a crucial role in psychological disorders by affecting mood, behavior, and cognition. Imbalances in neurotransmitters like serotonin, dopamine, and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) have been linked to disorders like depression, schizophrenia, and anxiety.
Discuss the impact of socio-cultural factors on the occurrence of psychological disorders.
mediumAnswer: Socio-cultural factors such as family dynamics, societal norms, and cultural expectations can significantly affect the prevalence and expression of psychological disorders. These elements influence stress, coping mechanisms, and the perception of mental health, thereby impacting disorder prevalence.
Identify and explain two anxiety disorders elaborated in the chapter.
easyAnswer: Two anxiety disorders discussed are Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD), characterized by persistent and excessive worry about various domains of life, and Panic Disorder, marked by recurrent panic attacks and fear of future attacks.