Chapter 4: Air

Geography • Class 7

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Chapter Analysis

Beginner10 pages • English

Quick Summary

The chapter 'Air' for Class 7 Geography provides an overview of the atmosphere, its composition, and significance. It explains the structure of the atmosphere, highlighting the roles of different layers, such as the troposphere and the stratosphere. The chapter also covers concepts like air pressure, winds, and types of rainfall, alongside discussions on phenomena like global warming and the greenhouse effect. Additionally, it presents the impact of human activities on atmospheric balance and weather patterns.

Key Topics

  • Composition of the Atmosphere
  • Structure of the Atmosphere
  • Air Pressure and Winds
  • Types of Rainfall
  • Global Warming and Greenhouse Effect
  • Human Impact on Atmosphere

Learning Objectives

  • Understand the composition and structure of Earth's atmosphere
  • Comprehend the functioning of different atmospheric layers
  • Identify factors affecting weather and climate
  • Recognize human influences on atmospheric balance
  • Explain the concept of air pressure and its effects
  • Describe different types of wind patterns

Questions in Chapter

What is atmosphere?

Page 27

Which two gases make the bulk of the atmosphere?

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Which gas creates greenhouse effect in the atmosphere?

Page 27

What is weather?

Page 27

Name three types of rainfall?

Page 27

What is air pressure?

Page 27

Additional Practice Questions

Explain the significance of the ozone layer in the atmosphere.

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Answer: The ozone layer is crucial as it absorbs the majority of the sun's harmful ultraviolet rays, providing protection to living organisms on Earth. This prevents these harmful rays from causing health problems such as skin cancer and cataracts, as well as protecting ecosystems.

Discuss the effects of global warming on polar regions.

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Answer: Global warming leads to the melting of polar ice caps, causing sea levels to rise. This can result in flooding of coastal areas and loss of habitat for polar animals like polar bears and seals. Changes in temperatures also affect the delicate balance of polar ecosystems.

How do human activities contribute to the increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide levels?

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Answer: Human activities such as burning fossil fuels for energy, deforestation, and industrial processes release large amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. These activities enhance the greenhouse effect and contribute to global warming.

What is the role of nitrogen in the atmosphere?

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Answer: Nitrogen is essential for plant growth as it is a major component of chlorophyll and amino acids. However, plants cannot use atmospheric nitrogen directly and depend on nitrogen-fixing bacteria to convert it into a usable form.

Describe the process of convectional rainfall.

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Answer: Convectional rainfall occurs when the land heats up, causing the air above it to warm and rise. As the warm air rises, it cools and condenses to form clouds. Eventually, these clouds become heavy and precipitation occurs.