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Chapter Analysis
Intermediate16 pages • EnglishQuick Summary
This chapter on 'Individual Games and Sports I' describes various aspects of individual sports, focusing particularly on track and field events. It covers the history of these events, outlines various running, jumping, and throwing events, and explains their rules and techniques. The chapter also discusses the significance of athletic events and their organizational structure at major competitions, such as the Olympics.
Key Topics
- •Track and field events
- •Sprints, middle and long distance running
- •Relay races and baton exchange
- •Hurdle races and techniques
- •Jumping events: long jump, triple jump, high jump
- •Throwing events: shot put, discus, javelin, hammer
- •Combined events: decathlon, heptathlon
- •Historical development of athletics
Learning Objectives
- ✓Understand the classification and rules of track and field events.
- ✓Identify the techniques associated with various athletic events.
- ✓Analyze the historical progression of athletic competitions.
- ✓Describe the roles of different events in enhancing physical performance.
- ✓Learn the safety measures and regulations in athletic environments.
Questions in Chapter
What are track and field events? Which of these also belong to the category of team sports?
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What are the main track rules?
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Describe the major rules that are observed in long jump.
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Describe the special features of triple jump and high jump.
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Discuss the specific rules for shot put and discus throw.
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How do you break a tie in high jump?
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How is high jump executed?
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Describe various relay races.
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In which events does the athlete take standing position to start the race?
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How do these track and field events help an individual performance?
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Additional Practice Questions
What are the distinguishing features of decathlon and heptathlon events?
mediumAnswer: Decathlon is a combined event for men consisting of 10 track and field events including 100m, long jump, shot put, high jump, and 400m. Heptathlon is for women comprising 7 events such as 100m hurdles, high jump, shot put, and 200m.
Explain the technique used in pole vaulting.
mediumAnswer: The pole vaulter sprints along the runway holding a flexible pole, plants it into the vaulting box to push themselves over a crossbar, clearing it feet first with the stomach facing the bar.
How do rules for horizontal jumps differ from vertical jumps?
hardAnswer: In horizontal jumps like long jump and triple jump, the takeoff must occur behind a line, and landing must be within a sand-filled pit. Vertical jumps such as high jump require clearing a set bar without knocking it down.
What are the key factors that affect sprint performance?
mediumAnswer: Key factors include starting technique, acceleration, maximum speed, and the ability to maintain high speed while staying in the assigned lane.
Discuss the historical development of women's track and field events.
mediumAnswer: Initially, women were not included in track and field events. The inclusion began during the 1928 Summer Olympics, and throughout the 20th century, women's events gained equal status.
Identify world records in men's and women's shot put as of 2019.
easyAnswer: The men's world record in shot put as of 2019 is 23.12m held by Randy Barnes (USA), and the women's record is 22.63m by Natalya Lisovoskaya (Soviet Union).
What is the significance of relays in track events?
hardAnswer: Relays are the only track events where team dynamics are crucial, as seamless baton exchanges and strategic placement of team members affect overall performance.
Define the term 'Fosbury Flop' in high jump.
easyAnswer: The Fosbury Flop is a high jump technique where the jumper clears the bar with their back towards it, revolutionizing jumping methods.
What is the process for measuring throws and jumps for record purposes?
hardAnswer: Measurements are taken from the nearest point of landing back to the takeoff or throw line, using a steel tape for precision, and confirmed by multiple officials.