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Chapter Analysis
Intermediate9 pages • EnglishQuick Summary
Chapter 5, 'Secondary Activities', discusses the transformation of raw materials into valuable products, detailing various manufacturing processes such as agro-processing, mineral-based industries, and high-tech industries. It explains how modern manufacturing involves complex specializations and requires substantial capital, advanced technology, and skilled labor. The chapter highlights the importance of factors like market access, raw materials, labor, energy, and agglomeration economies in determining the location of industries.
Key Topics
- •Transformation of raw materials
- •Classification of industries
- •Locations of industries
- •High-tech industries
- •Role of government policy
- •Agglomeration economies
- •Footloose industries
- •Challenges in less developed regions
Learning Objectives
- ✓Understand the significance of secondary activities in economies.
- ✓Identify factors influencing the location and development of industries.
- ✓Differentiate between various types of manufacturing industries.
- ✓Comprehend the role and impact of government policy on industrial growth.
- ✓Explore modern trends in high-tech and global manufacturing.
Questions in Chapter
Choose the right answer from the four alternatives given below. (i) Which one of the following statements is wrong? (a) Cheap water transport has facilitated the jute mill industry along the Hugli. (b) Sugar, cotton textiles and vegetable oils are footloose industries. (c) The development of hydro-electricity and petroleum reduced, to a great extent, the importance of coal energy as a locational factor for industry. (d) Port towns in India have attracted industries.
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In which one of the following types of economy are the factors of production owned individually? (a) Capitalist (c) Socialist (b) Mixed (d) None
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Which one of the following types of industries produces raw materials for other industries? (a) Cottage Industries (c) Basic Industries (b) Small-scale Industries (d) Footloose Industries
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Which one of the following pairs is correctly matched? (a) Automobile industry … Los Angeles (b) Shipbuilding industry … Lusaka (c) Aircraft industry … Florence
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Write a short note on the following in about 30 words. (i) High-Tech industry (ii) Manufacturing (iii) Footloose industries
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Answer the following in not more than 150 words. (i) Differentiate between primary and secondary activities. (ii) Discuss the major trends of modern industrial activities especially in the developed countries of the world. (iii) Explain why high-tech industries in many countries are being attracted to the peripheral areas of major metropolitan centres. (iv) Africa has immense natural resources and yet it is industrially the most backward continent. Comment.
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Additional Practice Questions
What are the key factors influencing the location of manufacturing industries?
mediumAnswer: Key factors include access to raw materials, proximity to the market, availability of labor, energy supply, transportation facilities, and government policies aimed at balanced economic development.
Explain the concept of 'Footloose Industries' and give two examples.
easyAnswer: Footloose industries are those which can be located in a wide variety of places as they are not dependent on any specific raw material. They largely depend on component parts which can be obtained anywhere. Examples include software development and electronics assembly.
Discuss the role of government policy in industrial development.
mediumAnswer: Government policy can influence industrial development by setting up infrastructures, offering incentives to industries, adopting regional policies to promote balanced economic development, and implementing regulations that protect local industries.
Describe the challenges faced by manufacturing industries in less developed countries.
hardAnswer: Challenges include lack of access to modern technology, inadequate infrastructure, political instability, low investment, and a shortage of skilled labor, which collectively hinder industrial growth.
How do agglomeration economies benefit industries?
easyAnswer: Agglomeration economies allow industries to benefit from proximity to a lead industry and similar businesses, which can lead to reduced transportation costs, shared resources, and innovation through collaboration.