Chapter 6: Tertiary and Quaternary Activities

Geography - Fundamental of Human Geography • Class 12

Download PDF

Loading PDF...

Chapter Analysis

Intermediate8 pages • English

Quick Summary

Chapter 6 of the NCERT Class 12 Geography textbook 'Fundamentals of Human Geography' discusses the tertiary and quaternary sectors, highlighting their role as key drivers of economic growth in developed countries. It explores how services, such as trade, transport, and communication, are pivotal in overcoming distances and facilitating economic transactions. Additionally, the chapter examines the nature and impact of outsourcing and the digital divide on global and local levels, while distinguishing between quaternary activities, like knowledge-based services, and quinary activities, which involve high-level decision making.

Key Topics

  • Tertiary Activities
  • Quaternary Sector
  • Quinary Activities
  • Outsourcing
  • Digital Divide
  • Trade and Commerce
  • Transport and Communication
  • Tourism

Learning Objectives

  • Understand the role and types of tertiary activities within economies.
  • Identify the importance of quaternary and quinary sectors in developed nations.
  • Analyze the implications of outsourcing on global employment patterns.
  • Recognize the factors contributing to the digital divide
  • Describe the impact of transport and communication on trade.
  • Evaluate how tourism influences economic development.

Questions in Chapter

Which one of the following is a tertiary activity?

Answer: Trading

Page 53

Which one of the following activities is NOT a secondary sector activity?

Page 53

Which one of the following sectors provides most of the employment in Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai and Kolkata?

Page 53

Jobs that involve high degrees and level of innovations are known as:

Answer: Quinary activities

Page 53

Which one of the following activities is related to quaternary sector?

Page 53

Which one out of the following statements is not true?

Page 53

Explain retail trading service.

Page 53

Describe quaternary services.

Page 53

Name the fast emerging countries of medical tourism in the world.

Page 53

What is digital divide?

Page 53

Discuss the significance and growth of the service sector in modern economic development.

Page 53

Explain in detail the significance of transport and communication services.

Page 53

Additional Practice Questions

How do quaternary activities differ from tertiary activities in terms of economic contribution?

medium

Answer: Quaternary activities involve knowledge-oriented tasks such as research and development, which are crucial for innovation and technological advancement, playing a significant role in the economic growth of developed nations.

What impact does the digital divide have on global economic disparities?

hard

Answer: The digital divide exacerbates existing economic inequalities by limiting access to information and communication technologies (ICT) in less developed regions, thereby hindering their economic and social progress.

What are the main functions of outsourcing in modern economies?

medium

Answer: Outsourcing allows companies to reduce costs, improve efficiency by transferring tasks to countries with cheaper human resources, and focus on core business activities, contributing to the globalization of services.

In what ways can tourism contribute to the economy of a developing country?

easy

Answer: Tourism can boost the economy through job creation, development of infrastructure, and inflow of foreign exchange, while promoting cultural exchange and preservation of cultural sites.

Why is the service sector considered more sustainable than agriculture or manufacturing in developed countries?

hard

Answer: The service sector is less resource-intensive and relies more on human capital, making it adaptable to change and capable of sustaining economic activities while minimizing environmental impacts.