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Chapter Analysis
Intermediate12 pages • EnglishQuick Summary
Chapter 5 of the NCERT Geography textbook for Class 12 focuses on the mineral and energy resources in India. It discusses the different types of minerals, including metallic and non-metallic minerals, their distribution, and the challenges in their extraction and utilization. The chapter also covers conventional and non-conventional energy resources, emphasizing the need for conservation and sustainable development. The geographic distribution of key minerals like iron ore, coal, petroleum, and bauxite across various regions in India is detailed, alongside discussions on renewable energy sources like solar, wind, and geothermal.
Key Topics
- •Types of minerals and their distribution
- •Challenges in extraction of minerals
- •Conventional energy resources
- •Non-conventional energy resources
- •Distribution of major minerals in India
- •Conservation and sustainable development
- •Role of minerals in industrial development
- •Renewable energy sources
Learning Objectives
- ✓Identify and classify different types of minerals found in India
- ✓Understand the geographical distribution of mineral resources
- ✓Analyze the role of mineral and energy resources in economic development
- ✓Evaluate the environmental impacts of mineral extraction
- ✓Discuss the significance of renewable energy sources
- ✓Explore the challenges and strategies for resource conservation
Questions in Chapter
In which one of the following States are the major oil fields located?
Answer: Assam
Page 65
At which one of the following places was the first atomic power station started?
Answer: Tarapur
Page 65
Which one of the following is a non-renewable source of energy?
Answer: Thermal
Page 65
Give an account of the distribution of mica in India.
Page 65
What is nuclear power? Mention the important nuclear power stations in India.
Page 65
Name non-ferrous metals and discuss their spatial distribution.
Page 65
What are non-conventional sources of energy?
Page 65
Write a detailed note on the petroleum resources of India.
Page 65
Write an essay on hydel power in India.
Page 65
Additional Practice Questions
Discuss the importance of renewable energy sources in reducing dependence on fossil fuels.
mediumAnswer: Renewable energy sources are crucial in reducing dependence on fossil fuels due to their sustainable nature. They are abundant and cause minimal harm to the environment. By utilizing sources like solar, wind, and geothermal, countries can mitigate climate change, reduce carbon footprints, and enhance energy security.
Analyze the challenges associated with the extraction of iron ore in India.
hardAnswer: The extraction of iron ore in India faces several challenges, including environmental impacts such as land degradation and pollution. Legal and regulatory frameworks can also pose obstacles, as can logistical issues in transporting ore from remote mining locations to industrial hubs. Additionally, competition for land and resources with other economic activities can complicate mining efforts.
Evaluate the role of government policies in promoting non-conventional energy resources in India.
mediumAnswer: Government policies play a significant role in promoting non-conventional energy resources by providing subsidies, tax incentives, and funding for research and development. Initiatives like the National Solar Mission and wind energy projects have accelerated the adoption of these resources, contributing to energy security and sustainable development.
Explain the processes involved in refining crude oil and its significance in the economy.
mediumAnswer: Refining crude oil involves removing impurities and separating it into various components such as gasoline, diesel, and jet fuel. This process is significant for the economy as it produces essential fuels needed for transportation, industry, and household use, and supports petrochemical industries that manufacture plastics, fertilizers, and other important products.
What are the geographical advantages of locating petroleum reserves along coastal regions?
easyAnswer: Locating petroleum reserves along coastal regions offers several geographical advantages, including ease of access to shipping routes for export, proximity to large markets, and the availability of space for setting up refineries and infrastructure. Coastal areas also facilitate offshore oil exploration and extraction activities.